THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY/BYRD POLAR RESEARCH CENTER ARCHIVAL PROGRAM REGISTER OF THE FREDERICK A. COOK SOCIETY COLLECTION

Record Group 56.17

Processed by: Laura J. Kissel and Julie K. Klema

Edited by: Marjorie J. Haberman, 1997, Revised April 1998

                                
               The Ohio State University Archives
                        2700 Kenny Road
                      Columbus, Ohio 43210
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Biographical Statement

Scope and Content

Chronology

Organizational Sketch and History of the Society

Biographical Statement

Dr. Frederick A. Cook (1865-1940) is the most controversial figure in the history of polar exploration. His supporters maintain that Dr. Cook was the hero of the Belgian Antarctic Expedition, the first to climb Mount McKinley, the first to stand at the North Pole, and the victim of merciless and unrelenting persecution by Robert Peary and those who supported Peary's claim to have reached the pole first. Others believe that Dr. Cook faked his claims to both Mount McKinley and the North Pole and continued a career of deceit by using the mail to defraud investors in oil lands in Texas, for which Dr. Cook spent five years in federal prison (Cook eventually received a presidential pardon for this conviction).

In 1891 Dr. Frederick Albert Cook began his career as an explorer as a member of Peary's first expedition to North Greenland, where he served Peary's surgeon and as ethnologist. In 1897, Cook volunteered for the Belgian Antarctic Expedition, and achieved international recognition in his role of surgeon and photographer. He made important scientific discoveries on this expedition, including the effect of eating raw meat in order to cure the ship's crew of scurvy. Cook also served a critical role on this expedition in his efforts to release the frozen Belgica by sawing a canal in the ice. In 1901, Cook joined the Erik, in a relief expedition for Peary, sponsored by the Peary Arctic Club.

In 1903 and 1906 successively, Cook embarked on his first and second expeditions to Mount McKinley, and in 1906 claimed to have reached the summit. In 1907, Cook made his quest to the North Pole, and claimed to have reached the Pole on April 21, 1908. However, drifting ice prohibited his southward return, and he was forced to spend the Polar night in a shelter with his two Eskimo companions. It wasn't until September 1, 1909 that Cook announced his discovery of the North Pole. A week later, Peary denounced Cook as a fraud and claimed that he, Peary, had in fact reached the North Pole first. In October of 1909, Cook's Mount McKinley climbing partner, Ed Barrill published an affidavit in which he stated that Cook's Mount McKinley diary was false and that his picture of the summit was a fake. It should be noted here that Barrill reportedly received $5000 for his statement (the exact amount of the payment to Barrill is unknown). Cook was unable to discredit the charges of Peary and Barrill. Although Cook continued to defend his claims, a downward spiral in Cook's career and reputation had commenced.

In 1917 Dr. Cook was hired by New York Oil to prospect for oil based on his knowledge of geology, and he eventually became president of Texas Eagle Oil Company in Fort Worth. However, in 1920, a slump in the oil business forced the company out of business. It was then that Cook formed the Petroleum Producers Association, which became one of the largest employers in Fort Worth. This success was not to last; in 1923 Cook was accused and indicted of mail fraud in relation to his oil business. He was sent to federal prison in Leavenworth, Kansas in 1925, where he served five years. During his time in Leavenworth, Cook served as physician in the hospital, as well as editor of the prison newspaper, New Era. Upon his parole, in 1930, Cook went to work on his memoirs and led a relatively quiet life, until his death from a cerebral hemorrhage in 1940. Cook received a pardon from President Franklin D. Roosevelt for his mail fraud conviction shortly before his death.

The Cook Arctic Club was formed shortly before Cook's death, by his friend and Mount McKinley expedition mate, Ralph Shainwald von Ahlefeldt, with the stated purpose of promoting the recognition of Dr. Cook's discovery of the North Pole. This first attempt at an organization devoted to Dr. Cook and his discoveries proved short lived. In 1956, Dr. Cook's daughter, Helene Cook Vetter and others formed the Dr. Frederick A. Cook Society and in 1975, the group was again reorganized as the Frederick A. Cook Society, with the stated purpose "to gain official recognition for the scientific and geographic accomplishments of Dr. Frederick A. Cook." (Note: Please see Appendix 1 for a detailed chronology of Dr. Cook and the Frederick A. Cook Society. Additionally, please see Appendix 2 for a more detailed history of the Frederick A.Cook Society.

Scope and Content

The Frederick A. Cook Society Collection occupies thirty-seven and one-half cubic feet and spans the years 1891 to 1996. The collection presents a comprehensive picture of the work conducted by Helene Cook Vetter and others, some under the auspices of the Cook Society, "to gain official recognition for the scientific and geographic accomplishments of Dr. Frederick A. Cook." General subjects documented by the collection include Cook's Mount McKinley expeditions (1903, 1906), his North Pole expedition (1908- 1909), and his 1923 mail fraud conviction. Records in the Frederick A. Cook Society Collection include the following series:

                    Series I. Frederick A. Cook Society Records, 1956-1996; eight cubic feet
                         Series II.     Frederick Albert Cook Papers, 1907-1940; five cubic feet
                         Series III.    Helene Cook Vetter Papers, 1892-1977, seventeen cubic feet
                         Series IV.     Janet Cook Vetter Papers, 1914-1989, two and one-half cubic feet
                    Series V. Photographs and Audiovisual Materials, 1893-1994, five cubic feet

The Frederick A. Cook Society Records are comprised of four subseries: Russell W. Gibbons Papers; Patricia Burns Papers; William G. Smith Papers; and Mary Allison Farley Papers. While none of the four subseries should be considered complete, taken together they provide a fairly comprehensive record of the workings of the Society.

The series of Frederick A. Cook's Papers is but a small portion of Dr. Cook's original materials. The majority of his papers are housed in the Library of Congress as a bequest from Cook's granddaughter, Janet Cook Vetter, who died in 1989. Please see Appendix 3 for the inventory of the Frederick Albert Cook Papers housed in the Library of Congress. Additional Cook papers are held in the Stefansson Collection at the Dartmouth College Library in New Hampshire. Please see Appendix 4 for this inventory. Researchers are encouraged to investigate all relevant collections to insure access to the most complete information.

The Helene Cook Vetter Papers comprise the largest series in the collection. In about 1950 Vetter began an extensive (and life-long) campaign to vindicate her father. Subject files collected by Vetter document the major controversies surrounding Dr. Cook and his explorations; the files are arranged essentially in the order Vetter established. It should be noted that Vetter's filing methods resulted in an intermingling of her own files with those of others; for example, she obtained records originated by others, specifically Andrew Freeman, culled out topical information from those files, and merged it with her own files to create specific subject files. She also took letters, specifically those from Hugo Levin, cut them apart based upon subject, and placed these excerpts with her own subject files.

The provenance of the early clippings files is uncertain, but handwritten notes by Vetter on the file folders and on actual materials within the folders indicates her use of these materials in her research. Since Vetter obtained her father's papers upon his death, it is possible that many of these early clippings actually were collected by Dr. Cook himself. Handwritten notes found on many of the items also lead to that conclusion. Additionally, while there is a separate subseries for Andrew Freeman's papers, many of his folders are interfiled with Vetter's according to date and/or subject, resulting in an intermingling of Freeman's files with Vetter's.

Upon Helene Cook Vetter's death in 1977, Janet Cook Vetter moved into the family home and assumed maintenance of her mother's research files. Janet Cook Vetter's Papers chronicle her involvement with the production of the 1983 television movie, "Cook and Peary: the Race to the Pole," and her service as a board member of the Cook Society until her death at the age of 51.

The Photographic and Audiovisual Materials contain many unique photographic images that span the life of Dr. Cook and document his expeditions. Particularly well documented are the Mount McKinley expeditions of 1903 and 1906, many of the photographs taken by Dr. Cook himself. The extant video and audio cassettes include Cook's statement regarding his North Pole expedition and publicity generated by the CBS movie "Cook and Peary: The Race To The Pole."

Note: Archives staff photocopied brittle and deteriorating newspaper and other records onto acid free paper for preservation purposes. Both the fragile condition and the tape and glue applied to the papers, damaged the material and compromised the quality of some of the photocopies. Researchers are urged to locate better preserved copies (perhaps on microfilm) in other libraries if articles are incomplete and/or illegible.

Chronology of Frederick A. Cook and the Frederick A. Cook Society, 1865-1996

                     
               1865 June 10  Frederick Albert Cook born, Hortonville, NY; fifth of six children of Theodor
               Albrecht Koch (later changed to Cook) and Magdalena Long

               1887           Cook enters College of Physicians and Surgeons at Columbia University and
                                                                      later transfers to NY University; supports himself with milk business 

               1889           Cook marries Libby Forbes

            1890 June   Wife and child die due to complications in childbirth; Cook graduates from
            New York University and passes his medical exams; sells milk business to
            brother and uses profits to open medical office

               1891           Volunteers for Peary's Greenland Expedition; serves as ethnologist and
               photographer

               1893           Cook arranges Zeta expedition to Greenland

               1894           Cook arranges and leads Miranda tour to Greenland

            1894        Arctic Club formed "to link all members of Dr. Cook's Arctic Expedition and
            keep them from losing track of each other"

               1897           Physician resigns from Belgian Antarctic Expedition and Cook volunteers; acts
               as physician and  photographer; Belgica's international crew includes Adrien
               de Gerlache as commandant and Roald Amundsen as first-mate

               1898 March 3   Belgica is frozen in the ice; Cook studies psychological difficulties, explores
               area, and devise inventions including a tent; Captain near death allows Cook to
               require crew to eat raw meat to defeat scurvy

               1899 March 14  Belgica is freed after Cook leads effort to saw a canal through the ice

            1899 April  Cook receives Yahgan dictionary from Thomas Bridges

               1899 July 2    New York Herald publishes Cook's account; made a chevalier of the Order of
               Leopold I

            1899 Fall   Cook made a chevalier of the Order of Leopold I

            1900        Through the First Antarctic Night published; book tour with Pond agency

               1901 January   Cook to Belgium to receive award

            1901 July   Cook joins Erik, Peary/North Pole relief expedition sponsored by the Peary
            Arctic Club

               1902           Cook gives lecture tour

            1902 June   Cook marries Mrs. Marie Fidell Hunt and becomes stepfather to her daughter
            Ruth (b.1898)

            1903 June   First expedition to Mt. McKinley; financed by Mrs. Cook, an advance from
            Harper's Magazine, and some equipment from the Peary Arctic

               1904           Cook actively lecturing; in September attends 8th International Geographic
               Congress representing Arctic Club; Peary presides; Cook presents two papers  

               1905 May 30    Helen Cook born; later changes name to Helene

            1905 July   Peary begins expedition to North Pole on the Roosevelt

            1906 May    Second expedition to Mt. McKinley; causes financial difficulty for Cook

               1906 Sept. 16  Cook claims attainment of the summit of Mount McKinley with Ed Barrill

               1906 Dec. 7    Cook elected president of Explorer's Club

               1907 Spring    John R. Bradley arranges for a hunting expedition North with Cook; Bradley
               hires Rudolph Franke as his traveling companion

                    1907 August 20      Cook reaches Annoatok and decides to make quest to North Pole; he and
                    Bradley part; Cook persuades Franke to join him

               1908 January   Depots established for North Pole; Cook develops amber goggles from his
               knowledge of photography

                    1908 February       Expedition begins for Cook; Franke remains at Annoatok to guard property

               1908 April 21  Cook claims to have reached North Pole; seasonal change and drifting ice
               prohibit southward return; spends Polar Night in shelter with Eskimo
               companions

            1908 May    Peary complains to NY Times about Cook exploiting Peary's methods and the
            Eskimos Peary trained; accepts presidency of Explorers Club in Cook's
            absence, provided that the Explorers Club demands proof from Cook

                    1908 August 17      Franke signs away Cook's property to Peary for passage on Erik; Harry
                    Whitney, a hunter and passenger, takes over Cook's house at Annoatok

               1908           Discovery of dead Greenland explorers exposes Peary's errors in mapping
               coast of Northern Greenland in 1892

                    1909 February 18    Cook's expedition leaves shelter and starts again for Annoatok 

               1909 April 15  Expedition reaches Greenland; Whitney and Cook meet at Annoatok; Whitney
               persuades Cook to leave instruments, North Pole flag, and damaged sled with
               Whitney for transportation on a later vessel

               1909 May 21    Cook reaches Upernavik; announces publicly he reached pole on April 21,
               1908

                    1909 August 9       Cook sails for Denmark

               1909 Sept. 1   Cook cables Belgium about his discovery; requests $3,000 from New York
               Herald for his story

               1909 Sept. 6   At dinner reception in Copenhagen, Cook receives news of Peary's claim to
               have reached North Pole on April 6, 1909

               1909 Sept. 7   Cook receives gold medal of Royal Geographical Society of Denmark
.
               1909 Sept. 8   Peary denounces Cook as a fraud

               1909 Sept. 9   Cook receives honorary degree from University of Copenhagen; promises to
               present conclusive evidence

               1909 Sept. 21  Cook returns to the U.S. and is honored with a massive parade of more than
               100,000 in New York City

               1909 Sept. 22  Cook has press conference and shows his 173 page journal

               1909 Sept. 26  Cook receives telegram from Harry Whitney that Peary will not allow him to
               transport any of Cook's instruments or evidence

                    1909 Sept. 27       Cook lectures at Carnegie Hall

               1909 Oct. 13   While Cook on lecture tour, Peary releases to newspapers account of
               interviews with Cook's Eskimos, who claim never to have left land

               1909 Oct. 14   Affidavit of Ed Barrill published; claims that Cook ordered him to falsify Mt.
               McKinley diary entries; also that peak photo taken by Cook is a fake; Barrill
               receives financial compensation for his statement

               1909 Oct. 15   Cook receives Freedom of City of New York; previously awarded to only
               Lafayette, Charles Dickens, and the Crown Prince of Prussia

               1909 Oct. 16   Cook announces that he is organizing an expedition to Mt. McKinley to
               retrieve evidence he left there

               1909 Oct. 17   Cook appears before subcommittee of Explorers Club which is investigating
               his Mt. McKinley claim

               1909 Oct. 21   New York Times publishes letter from Knud Rasmussen that Cook's Eskimos
               verify Cook's story

               1909 October   National Geographic Society investigates Peary's claim of attainment of the
               North Pole but Peary tries to pack the reviewing panel

               1909 November  Cook goes into hiding; fears for his life; at one point, at least six detectives
               shadow Cook

               1909 Dec. 9    New York Times reports that observations submitted to Danish experts are
               fraudulent 

               1909 Dec. 21   Danish Commission concludes that evidence it received (typewritten copies
               and reports of observations but no original calculations) is not sufficient to
               prove that Cook reached North Pole; this greatly undermines Cook in U.S.

               1910 January   Peary begins lecture tour; receives $40,000 for a series of ghost-written articles
               to appear in Hampton's Magazine

               1910 March     U.S. House of Representatives holds hearings on petition to promote Peary to
               Rear Admiral; Peary refuses to submit original evidence for review

               1910 June 28   Expedition to Mt. McKinley sponsored by Explorers Club claims to have found
               Cook's fake peak but unable to reach summit

                    1910 December       Articles written by Cook for Hampton's Magazine are altered by the editor and
                    appear as a "confession"

               1911 January   Controversial hearings in U.S. House of Representatives result in Peary's
               promotion and retirement

               1911           Cook establishes Polar Publishing Company to publish My Attainment of the
               Pole; tours to promote book and present case

                    1911 Oct. - Nov.    Tour of Europe

               1912           Cook on Chautauqua tour and another lecture tour of Europe

               1913           Cook on vaudeville stage

               1913 June 7    Rev. Hudson Stuck reaches top of McKinley; disputes Cook's version of
               summit

               1913 December  Cook on Lusitania to London for lecture tour; returns January 1914

               1915 January   Another U.S. House resolution to investigate Peary's claim proposed; Lilian
               Kiel, stenographer for Hampton's Magazine "confession" article, testifies
               before House Education Committee

               1917           Cook hired by New York Oil Company to look for oil in Wyoming; forms
               Cook Oil as a subsidiary of NY Oil

               1919           Cook in Texas looking for oil; becomes president of Texas Eagle Oil
               Production and Refining Company at Ft. Worth, Texas

               1919           Vilhjalmur Steffanson announces discovery of Meighen Island in the Arctic
               Archipelago, which he claims Cook should have seen if his North Pole claims
               are true

               1920 Feb. 20   Peary dies

               1920           Slump in oil business

               1921 Dec. 5    Texas Eagle Oil and Refining Company goes out of business

            1922        Cook organizes Petroleum Producers Association (PPA) and hires "pen"
            Seymore Cox to write promotions; PPA becomes one of the largest employers
            in Ft. Worth

               1923           Herbert Houston, a member of the now defunct Peary Arctic Club and head of
               a consumer group combating fraudulent practices in oil stock sales, attacks
               Cook, which leads to more investigations by journalists

               1923 Jan. 30   Cook arrested with a woman in a hotel room; reputed to have a bottle of gin;
               charges are dropped but wife Marie divorces Cook

                    1923 April 20       U.S. grand jury indictment of Cook and ninety-one other officers of fourteen
                    oil companies on charges of using the U.S. mails to defraud

                    1923 October 15     Trial begins with Marie at Cook's side

                    1923 November       Cook convicted and receives 14 year, 9 month prison sentence and $12,000
                    fine; all defendants who fail to plead guilty receive maximum sentences

            1925 April  Cook sent to federal prison in Leavenworth, Kansas; works with drug addicted
            prisoners, serves as physician in the hospital, and superintendent of the prison
            school

               1926           Cook becomes editor of prison newspaper New Era; paper achieves national
               circulation via exchanges

            1928        Helene Cook marries Elliott J. Vetter, executive with the National Lumber
            Company of Buffalo, NY

                    1929 August 8       Offer of $20,000 from American Magazine if Cook will recant his claim to
                    North Pole

               1930 March 9   Cook paroled and moves to Chicago

               1931           Cook completes memoirs and searches for publisher

               1935           Cook files law suits for libel against anti-Cook Arctic Adventure by Peter
               Freuchen and against Encyclopedia Britannica

               1936 Dec. 9    Cook interviewed on CBS Radio "We the People"

            1938        Ted Leitzell expedition to Mt. McKinley; casts doubt on Belmore Browne's
            account of Cook's fraud

            1938        Janet Cook Vetter born to Helene and Elliot Vetter

               1939 November  Cook meets Sir Hubert Wilkins who plans submarine trip along Cook's route
               to Pole

               1940 May 5     Cook suffers cerebral hemorrhage

               1940 May 16    Cook receives pardon from President Franklin D. Roosevelt

            1940 June   Cook Arctic Club formed by Ralph Shainwald-von Ahlefeldt to find Bradley
            Land and promote the recognition of Dr. Cook's discovery of the North Pole

                    1940 August 5       Dr. Frederick A. Cook dies; papers are willed to daughter, Helene, who takes
                    up her father's cause as her life's work

               1951           Cook's memoir Return from the Pole is published

            1955        Bradford Washburn, climber of Mt. McKinley and recipient of National
            Geographic Society support, determines to take pictures of Ruth glacier as part
            of Life magazine article about the 50th anniversary of Cook's climb

            1956        Walt Gonnason retraces Cook's route and claims that Cook reached the
            summit; confronts Washburn and his expedition; Washburn's photos published
            in Life

               1956           Vetter and other Cook supporters (Gonnason, Freeman, Levin, Zavatti,
               Gibbons, etc.) form the Dr. Frederick A. Cook Society

            1965        Historical marker erected to commemorate Cook's birthplace in Hortonville,
            NY 

            1974        Rejuvenated Cook Society held its first meeting at the Sullivan County
            Historical Society to coincide with the opening of the Cook Room display on
            the second floor of the museum

               1976 October 7 Frederick A. Cook Society incorporated in New York State as a charitable,
               not-for-profit corporation "to gain official recognition for the scientific and
               geographic accomplishments of Dr. Frederick A. Cook;" Russell W. Gibbons
               named first president

               1977 July 31   Helene Cook Vetter dies; estate passes to daughter Janet who moves into
               family home in Tequesta, FL

            1977        Society arranges for commemorative marker at Forest Lawn Cemetery,
            Buffalo, NY

            1979        Sheldon Cook-Dorough succeeds to the presidency of the Society

               1983 Dec. 13   CBS broadcast of made-for-television movie "Cook and Peary: The Race to
               the Pole"

            1985        Warren B. Cook succeeds Sheldon Cook-Dorough as president of the Cook
            Society

               1989 August 10 Janet Vetter dies and gives Dr. Cook's papers to Library of Congress; research
               records collected by the Vetter's are bequeathed to the Cook Society

            1990        Mary Allison Farley hired as Cook Society executive director; succeeded by
            William G. Smith

            1993        Russell W. Gibbons named Cook Society executive director

            1996        The Ohio State University in Columbus receives Cook Society records and
            Vetter research files

Organizational Sketch and History of the Frederick A. Cook Society

The "Cook Arctic Club, Inc." was established in 1940 by Ralph Shainwald-von Ahlefeldt, Cook's friend and 1903 Mount McKinley expedition mate, with the stated purpose of promoting the recognition of Dr. Frederick Cook's discovery of the North Pole. Dr. Cook was listed as the honorary president and General David L. Brainard, a survivor of the Greely Expedition, as honorary vice-president on the letterhead which von Ahlefeldt had printed. Von Ahlefeldt designated himself as president, with four vice presidents including Anthony Fiala, commander of the second Ziegler Expedition, and life-long friend and supporter of Dr. Cook. (Brainard later asked to have his name removed from the stationary, stating that, "...I never approved of Dr. Cook's claims and never sustained him in any way in his contentions that he reached the North Pole.")

In 1940 the Club attempted to sponsor Sir Hubert Wilkins in an airplane expedition to the Pole and to confirm Cook's discovery of Bradley Land. Von Ahlefeldt circulated a prospectus to a number of wealthy financiers, but the expedition never got off the ground. This first attempt at an organization devoted to Dr. Cook and his discoveries was short lived, although von Ahlefeldt continued to be an advocate for Dr. Cook. In addition, some of those listed as officers with the original club became part of what Cook's daughter Helene Cook Vetter called the "committee of correspondence" of exploration mates, spouses, their children, writers and researchers.

In late 1956 this group of correspondents formed the basis for a revival and reorganization of a formal Cook society. Coast Guard Rear Admiral Charles W. Thompson assumed the presidency of the "Dr. Frederick A. Cook Society." The board of governors included Walter Gonnason, explorer and leader of the 1956 Mt. McKinley expedition; Andrew Freeman, author of The Case for Dr. Cook and scholar who interviewed Dr. Cook; Hugo Levin, long time friend and advocate of Dr. Cook; retired Navy Captain James P. Helm; former Explorers Club editor Wendell Phillips Dodge; Italian geographer and Arctic explorer Silvio Zavatti; and Helene Cook Vetter. Russell W. Gibbons was the first secretary. This new society was both low-budget and low-profile, primarily distributing annual mailings and circulating materials concerning Dr. Cook. In 1965, the New York Legislature granted the Society a resolution and a state historical marker at Cook's Hortonville birth-site in recognition of the centennial of Dr. Cook's birth. Additionally, they printed a commemorative booklet on Cook's life, which they distributed to historical, geographic and community groups.

The period from 1960 to 1975 saw a resurgence of writings about the North Pole controversy, many giving favorable treatment to Dr. Cook. This prompted Mrs. Vetter, Russell Gibbons, and other society members to develop a more active society, which eventually was reorganized, structured and incorporated in New York State in 1975.

In 1974 the inaugural meeting of this rejuvenated Society was held at the Sullivan County Historical Society in Hurleyville, New York. The meeting coincided with the opening of the Cook Room display on the second floor of the museum. Eskimo artifacts, framed photographs, and one of Dr. Cook's antarctic sleds formed the basis of the display. Sheldon Cook-Dorough (not related), an Atlanta attorney and Cook scholar, donated the reproductions for this display and in 1975 commissioned a bronze statue of Cook for the museum.

On October 7, 1976, the Society was incorporated as a charitable not-for-profit educational corporation in New York State "to gain official recognition for the scientific and geographic accomplishments of Dr. Frederick A. Cook". The first president of the reorganized Society was Russell W. Gibbons; Admiral Thomas had died tragically in an automobile accident in 1972. The first of "occasional" annual newsletters was published for its small membership.

In 1977, plans were made for a commemorative marker at the Forest Lawn Cemetery in Buffalo, New York, where Dr. Cook's ashes resided in the family niche with his polar decorations and medals. Mrs. Vetter died on July 31 prior to the dedication of the marker and the annual meeting of the society. Janet Cook Vetter, daughter of Helene Cook Vetter, moved into the family home in Tequesta, Florida, and assumed responsibility for the multitude of research materials her mother had collected in her quest to defend her father, Dr. Frederick Cook.

Sheldon Cook-Dorough succeeded to the presidency of the Society in 1979 and began an intensive study of the North Pole controversy, Mount McKinley and the Texas oil mail fraud conviction. His research in these areas resulted in extensive research articles in the Society's newletters and the annual journal, later renamed Polar Priorities. A primary function of the Society was to circulate these materials to writers, researchers, and publications such as encyclopedias. Membership continued to grow and passed 100 members in the late 1980s. In 1985 Warren B. Cook, a New Jersey insurance executive and grandnephew of the explorer, was elected president of the Society.

In 1983, CBS broadcast a made-for-television movie titled, "Cook and Peary: Race for the Pole," with Richard Chamberlain as Dr. Cook and Rod Steiger as Admiral Peary. The Society served as a reference source in the production of the movie. The program stirred public interest in the "polar enigma" and groups such as the Society for the History of Discoveries, the Arctic Circle Club of Canada and others chose Dr. Cook and the polar controversy as conference themes.

In 1989, Dr. Cook's granddaughter Janet Cook Vetter died. She had continued the tradition of her mother in maintaining the family papers and those of Dr. Cook, and was a valued Society board member. Upon her death, Cook-Dorough coordinated the cataloging, inventory, and transfer of much of the estate's Frederick Cook Papers to the Library of Congress. This was done in accordance with the will and the Trust Fund which Janet Vetter bequeathed for the work of the Society. The remaining papers, books, and artifacts were sent to the Sullivan County Museum, and remained there until 1996, when the papers were transferred to the Byrd Polar Research Center at The Ohio State University in Columbus. The Museum still maintains the books and artifacts in the Cook Room in Hurleyville, NY.

With support from the Vetter Trust, the Society appointed Mary Allison Farley as full- time executive director in 1990. Ms. Farley was formerly an archivist at the Robert Wagner Archives at New York University. William G. Smith, former Sullivan County Historian, succeeded Farley, and in late 1993, Russell W. Gibbons assumed the post. The occasional newsletter became an annual journal, Polar Priorities, and a quarterly membership newsletter was established.

The Society continues to be active in its efforts to bring Dr. Cook's work to public view. Activities of the group since 1993 include: two international symposiums; sponsorship of an expedition which followed Dr. Cook's route up Mount McKinley; and an updated reprint of his second book, To the Top of the Continent. In 1996 lifetime memberships in the Society exceeded more than twenty-five of the 140 members.

Sources:

Gibbons, Russell W. "The Cook Society: the First Half Century," Polar Priorities, vol. 16, September, 1996, pp.24-28

The Ohio State University Archives, Frederick A. Cook Society Collection (RG 56.17), box #23, file folder #9, "Frederick A. Cook Society, early organizational"